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MS en de relatie met de darmen

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Marsei

Two new studies support the link between the gut microbiome and multiple sclerosis

Bericht door Marsei »

Two new studies support the link between the gut microbiome and multiple sclerosis

[URL="http://www.gutmicrobiotaforhealth.com/e ... sclerosis/"][U]Two new studies[/U][/URL] support the link between the gut microbiome and multiple sclerosis

[QUOTE]A new study, led by Dr. Sergio Baranzini from the Department of Neurology at the University of California San Francisco (USA), has found that specific gut bacteria from multiple sclerosis patients regulate immune responses and exacerbate MS-like symptoms in mice.[/QUOTE]

[QUOTE]In conclusion, this study has identified specific human gut bacteria involved in modulating MS-linked immune responses both in vitro and in vivo, and contributing to symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice.[/QUOTE]

[QUOTE]Another recent study, led by Dr. Hartmut Wekerle from the Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology in Martinsried (Germany) and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology at Ludwig-Maximillians University in Munich (Germany), has found that MS-derived gut microbiota may elicit a MS-like autoimmune disease in mice through immune and metabolic pathways.[/QUOTE]
[QUOTE]In conclusion, this study shows that MS-derived gut microbiota increases the incidence of MS-like symptoms in mice compared with healthy-individual-derived gut microbiota.

On the whole, both studies suggest that the gut microbiota has a role in the development of MS. Further studies are needed in order to investigate potential gut microbiota-based therapeutics in MS.[/QUOTE]
Marsei

Fecal transplants in a capsule may be as effective as those delivered by colonoscopy

Bericht door Marsei »

Fecal transplants in a capsule may be as effective as those delivered by colonoscopy

[URL="http://www.ctvnews.ca/health/fecal-tran ... -1.3697446"][U]Fecal transplants in a capsule[/U][/URL] may be as effective as those delivered by colonoscopy: study
[QUOTE]
A clinical trial led by doctors and researchers in Alberta has found that fecal transplants delivered orally by capsule may be just as effective as transplants done by colonoscopy in treating C. difficile infections.

The findings, published Tuesday in the Journal of the American Medical Association, found that capsules containing frozen donor bacteria were 96 per cent effective in treating C. difficile, a bacterial infection that can cause diarrhea and, in serious cases, life-threatening inflammation of the colon.

The patients who received the capsule treatment had the same success rate as those receiving fecal transplant by colonoscopy.[/QUOTE]
Marsei

Study shows how gut bacteria may trigger MS

Bericht door Marsei »

Study shows how gut bacteria may trigger MS

Study shows [URL="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320123.php"][U]how gut bacteria may trigger MS[/U][/URL]

[QUOTE]Alterations in gut bacteria at a young age could help to trigger and progress multiple sclerosis in people who are genetically predisposed to the autoimmune disease.[/QUOTE]
Marsei

Gut bacteria linked to multiple sclerosis

Bericht door Marsei »

Gut bacteria linked to multiple sclerosis

[URL="http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/health ... 00157.html"][U]Gut bacteria[/U][/URL] linked to multiple sclerosis

[QUOTE]The composition of gut bacteria — the presence of microbiota in the digestive tracks — at a young age may contribute to the onset and further progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease, a new study found.[/QUOTE]
[QUOTE]The study, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, stated that the gut bacteria along with multiple sclerosis at a young age could also trigger other diseases in later life.

"The findings could have therapeutic implications on slowing down MS progression by manipulating gut bacteria," said Suhayl Dhib-Jalbut, professor at the Rutgers University in New Jersey.[/QUOTE]
Marsei

Microbes Affect Brain Cells’ Activities in Mice with Multiple Sclerosis

Bericht door Marsei »

Microbes Affect Brain Cells’ Activities in Mice with Multiple Sclerosis

[URL="https://www.the-scientist.com/?articles ... Sclerosis/"][U]Researchers find a link[/U][/URL] between molecules released by commensal bacteria and the degree of inflammation in a mouse model of MS.

[QUOTE]The gut-brain axis is line of communication between the two organs, involved in everything from brain development to the progression of neurological diseases, with gut microbiota often pitching in to the conversation. In a study published today (May 16) in Nature, researchers present evidence that multiple sclerosis (MS) may also be influenced by commensal microbes in the gut acting upon cells in the brain. They show in a mouse model of the disease that metabolites from gut bacteria alter the behavior of microglia—immune cells that reside in the brain—which in turn regulate the activity of astrocytes to promote or prevent inflammation.

The authors also found evidence in vitro and in patient samples that a similar gut-brain connection exists in people with MS, suggesting that microbes and the cells that receive their signals could be targets for disease treatment.

“The beauty of this paper is that it provides a very detailed mechanistic understanding of how things work,” Jonathan Kipnis, a neuroscientist at the University of Virginia who did not participate in the study, tells The Scientist. Previous research linked the microbiome and the development of MS in mice, he says, but “we never understood how the gut communicates with the brain.”

In work published in Nature Medicine in 2016, Francisco Quintana of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston and colleagues found part of the answer to the question of gut-brain communication. In that study, they showed that mouse and human astrocytes—star-shape glial cells—respond to molecules generated by microbes from the intestine. And because prior work from other groups had demonstrated that microglia can regulate astrocyte behavior, Quintana says, “one of the biggest unanswered questions we had is: what mediates the crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes?”
[/QUOTE]
[QUOTE]Not only did the investigators show that gut metabolites could affect microglia, they showed that the brain cells pick up on those signals via AHR. The receptor regulates the production of TGFα and VEGF-B and thus levels of inflammation. In the absence of tryptophan or AHR, inflammation increased, the authors observed.[/QUOTE]
[QUOTE]The study makes a “quantum leap in understanding the role of the different nonneuronal cells in the brain under pathological conditions,” says Michal Schwartz, a neuroimmunologist at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel who did not participate in the study. “The notion that astrocytes can be inflammatory has been around for while, but I think the paper very nicely demonstrates it,” she says.

According to Shane Liddelow, a neuroscientist at New York University who was not involved in the study, the next steps focus on the role of astrocytes. “If microglia are driving some change in astrocytes, how is that changing that astrocyte’s function and how is it now interacting differently with other cells in the CNS?” he asks, adding that these questions are especially relevant in the context of MS and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s.

Quintana agrees that investigating other neurological disorders, including spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury, is a key future direction. “We are trying to understand in detail how these pathways operate and how we can modulate them therapeutically with antibodies, small molecules, and targeted probiotics that could activate the anti-inflammatory pathway,” he says.

The researchers also plan to take the work beyond the molecular players identified here. “We don’t think that AHR is the only pathway by which CNS resident cells sense microbial metabolites, and we do not believe that VEGF-B and TGFα are the only molecules that mediate the crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes,” Quintana says. “That’s something we are very actively working on.”[/QUOTE]

Nog een artikel: Researchers Uncover [URL="https://www.forbes.com/sites/victoriafo ... 3d076a4232"][U]Gut Bacteria's Potential Role[/U][/URL] In Multiple Sclerosis
Femke_de_Groot

Bericht door Femke_de_Groot »

Wat lijkt het me vervelend om last van je darmen te hebben zeg, poeh.
Marsei

ECTRIMS 2018 - The Gut Microbiome & Multiple Sclerosis

Bericht door Marsei »

ECTRIMS 2018 - The Gut Microbiome & Multiple Sclerosis

[URL="https://www.facebook.com/MStranslate/vi ... SMXJ-tTyRS"][U]Video op FB[/U][/URL]: ECTRIMS 2018 - The Gut Microbiome & Multiple Sclerosis

[QUOTE]The potential role of the gut microbiome in multiple sclerosis is an incredibly exciting area of research! At ECTRIMS Congress 2018, Brett had the privilege of interviewing a world leader in this field, Professor Helen Tremlett (University of British Columbia).[/QUOTE]
neuron

Bericht door neuron »

Dank je Marsei.

Ik hoop zeer dat dit onderzoek van Helen Tremlett iets oplevert waar kinderen met MS baat bij hebben.

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